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In this study, an enzyme-based electrochemical method was developed for the detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) using the T7 bacteriophages engineered with lacZ operon encoding for beta-galactosidase (β-gal). The T7lacZ phages can infect E. coli, and has the ability to trigger the overexpression of β-gal during the infection of E. coli. The use of the engineered phages resulted in a more sensitive detection of E. coli by: (1) overexpression of β-gal in E. coli during the specific infection; (2) release of the en-dogenous intracellular β-gal from E. coli following infection. The endogenous and phage-induced β-gal was detected using elec-trochemical methods with 4-aminophenyl-β-g... More