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at Related Biological Terms:

CAAT box

A regulatory sequence upstream from some eukaryotic structural genes.

CAT assay

(= chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) assay)

CATH

The acronym for class, architecture, topology, homologous superfamily; a hierarchical system of classification of protein structures named for the highest of the hierarchies: class refers to the secondary structure content (i.e. α-helix, β-sheet, both, little secondary structure); architecture refers to the motifs (e.g. ribbon, sheet, barrel); topology describes the overall shape and connectivity of the structural features; and homologous superfamily refers to the groups of proteins that have been classed together on the basis of amino-acid sequence similarities. Any protein can be assigned first to a class, then within the class to an architecture, then to an topology, etc.

CIP classification

The system of nomenclature of asymmetrical compounds devised by Cahn, Ingold and Prelog. (see also chirality; R)

calpastatin

A protein inhibitor of a calpain.

candidate

A compound, metabolite or peptide, etc. with a putative role; e.g. a candidate hormone may be a natural peptide which has in vitro bioactivity, but for which its characteristics in vivo have not yet been demonstrated.

capacitative Ca2+ entry

(see store-operated calcium entry)

capacitative Ca2+ entry

(see store-operated calcium entry)

carbocation (carbonium ion)

Any stable or transitory ion in which a carbon atom bears a formal positive charge. (see also carbanion)

carbohydrate

One of a class of biological materials comprising sugars, polymers of sugars, and compounds related to them. The name derives from the basic sugar structure, (CH2O)n. The category includes reduction and oxidation products, phosphate and sulphate esters, and amine derivatives.

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