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at Related Biological Terms:

catalytic triad

(see charge relay system)

catalytic-centre activity

(see turnover number (catalytic-centre activity))

catecholamine

One of a family of phenolic compounds chemically related to catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene), which is derived metabolically from tyrosine; the family comprises hormones and neurotransmitters, including adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline, dopamine, etc.

catenane

(= concatenate (catenane))

cathepsin

An endopeptidase, often with low pH optimum, associated with lysosomes in the cell.

cathode

(see anion)

cation

(see anion)

cation exchanger

(see ion-exchange chromatography)

centrifugal elutriation

A method for separation of isolated cells according to their characteristic sedimentation rates in a centrifuge rotor which is designed to allow flow-through of a fluid during operation; also known as countercurrent elutriation and elutriation centrifugation. The centrifugal force on the cells is opposed by the force of a fluid moving in the opposite direction. Cells are first sedimented in a density gradient, then displaced by a buffer of increasing density that flows into the bottom of the sample cell and out of the top, and carries with it cells of the same density. Diamond, R.A. (1991) Methods Companion Methods Enzymol. 2, 173-182

charge accumulator model

A conceptualization of the mechanism of the water-splitting enzyme of photosynthesis in which four electrons are sequentially removed from the manganese centre, enabling it to oxidize water to molecular oxygen.

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