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at Related Biological Terms:

chelator

A compound that binds ions, especially metal ions, by several functional groups whose combined effect results in a high-affinity interaction.

chemical mismatch detection

(= hydroxylamine and osmium tetroxide (HOT) technique (chemical mismatch detection))

chemoattractant

(see also chemotaxis)

chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) assay

A procedure for evaluation of the regulatory properties of eukaryotic promoter sequences. The CAT gene (which encodes an enzyme found only in bacteria) is used as a 'reporter gene' in that it is fused to a promoter sequence and introduced into a eukaryotic cell, where the ability of the promoter to cause the expression of the CAT gene is monitored by assay of the enzyme's activity; the assay may involve thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the conversion of [14C]chloramphenicol into acetyl [14C]chloramphenicol.

chromatid

One of a pair of chromosomes.

chromatin

The complex of DNA and associated proteins, most notably histones, that occurs in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. van Holde, K. and Zlatanova, J. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 8373-8376

chromatogram

A graphical representation of a chromatographic separation, e.g. absorbance or radioactivity of the eluate (ordinate) plotted as a function of eluate volume (abscissa).

chromatophore

An epithelial cell of a lower animal in which pigment granules can be physically moved to effect colour changes.

chromatophoresis

A technique for protein separation that uses high-pressure liquid chromatography followed by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The effluent from a reverse-phase column is mixed with SDS and a reducing agent and applied to a polyacrylamide slab gel; the resulting gel shows two-dimensional separation, by polarity in one dimension and by molecular mass in the other.

clathrate

A cage-like structure, e.g. that formed by water molecules that surround a hydrocarbon in solution.

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