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Aldehyde dehydrogenase

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (EC: 1.2.1.3 and EC: 1.2.1.5) are enzymes which oxidize a wide variety of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes using NADP as a cofactor. In mammals at least four different forms of the enzyme are known [1]: class-1 (or Ald C) a tetrameric cytosolic enzyme, class-2 (or Ald M) a tetrameric mitochondrial enzyme, class- 3 (or Ald D) a dimeric cytosolic enzyme, and class IV a microsomal enzyme. Aldehyde dehydrogenases have also been sequenced from fungal and bacterial species. A number of enzymes are known to be evolutionary related to Aldehyde dehydrogenases. A glutamic acid and a cysteine residue have been implicated in the catalytic activity of mammalian Aldehyde dehydrogenase. These residues are conserved in all the enzymes of this family.Reaction: an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+

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